• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    An accessory (10) for an off-road vehicle (11), the accessory (10) comprising a frame (12), wheels (14) supported on the frame (12) for supporting the accessory (10) against the base (100), a drawbar (16) connected to the frame ( 12) for connecting the accessory (10) to a towing point (18) belonging to the off-road vehicle (11) and a second towing point (20) fitted to the frame (12) behind the frame (12) for connecting the trailer (22) to the accessory (10), the accessory (10) being adapted to receive the vertical force exerted by the trailer (22) via its associated second drawbar (24), characterized in that the accessory (10) further comprises endless track tracks (26) each adapted to be placed on the wheel (14) of the accessory (10) and the rear wheel (11) of the off-road vehicle (11); 28) for transmitting traction from the off-road vehicle (11) to the attachment (10) via the track mats (26). In addition, protection requirements 2-5.
    公开号:FI12985Y1
    申请号:FIU20214059U
    申请日:2021-05-26
    公开日:2021-07-06
    发明作者:Martti Yliselä
    申请人:Yliselae Martti；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    OFF-VEHICLE ACCESSORY AND LOAD TRANSFER SYSTEM
    The invention relates to an accessory for an off-road vehicle, the accessory comprising a frame, wheels supported on the frame for supporting the accessory against the chassis, a drawbar connected to the frame for connecting the accessory to an off-road vehicle the vertical force exerted by the second drawbar. The invention also relates to a system for load transfer. In this context, an off-road vehicle means a light quadricycle and preferably also a four-wheel drive vehicle, i.e. a so-called ATV with a weight of less than 600 kg and a power of preferably less than 80 hp. State-of-the-art ATVs are represented by, for example, the off-road vehicle marketed under the Can-Am Outlander 450 T brand and the Polaris Sportman 570 ATV. An off-road vehicle can be driven alone like a snowmobile or equipped with a cabin with seats. Off-road vehicles with towing points can generally be used - also for towing trailers. However, the mass of the towed trailers O 25 is quite limited to ensure the durability of the rear axle of the off-road vehicle. Thus, the off-road vehicle N is poorly suited for towing heavy loads if z the trailer is subjected to a large drawbar weight on the towing vehicle 3. to the point.
    J N Solutions are known from the prior art in which the capacity of the tractor 5 to tow a heavy trailer has been increased by a separate accessory placed between the trailer and the tractor. The reinforced attachment receives the drawbar weight of the trailer, whereby the towing point of the tractor is subjected to a rather small vertical load. In this case, the grip of the tractor and the durability of the transmission remain the limiting factors for traction. One such solution is disclosed in US 6,224,083 BI. However, the problem with such a structure is that it can tow loads so large that the off-road vehicle does not have sufficient grip to provide the necessary horizontal traction. The object of the invention is to provide a better accessory for an off-road vehicle than the prior art accessories, by means of which larger loads can be transferred. The characteristic features of the present invention appear from the appended protection claim 1. It is also an object of the invention to provide a system for transferring loads which is better than the prior art systems, in which large loads can be transferred by a rather light-structured off-road vehicle. The characteristic features of the present invention appear from the appended claim 5. The purpose of the accessory according to the invention can be achieved by an accessory for an off-road vehicle comprising a frame, wheels supported on a frame to support the accessory against the chassis and a drawbar connected to the frame. In addition, the accessory comprises a second towing point fitted to the frame behind the frame to connect the O 25 trailer to the accessory and endless N tracks each adapted to be placed around the accessory wheel and the rear wheel belonging to the off-road vehicle to transmit traction via the track to the off-road vehicle. The accessory is adapted to receive the vertical force N exerted on the accessory by the second drawbar belonging to the trailer S 30.
    The accessory according to the invention makes it possible to significantly increase the traction and load-carrying capacity of an ordinary off-road vehicle without any changes to the off-road vehicle.
    The drawbar weight of the trailer is received by an accessory whose structure is reinforced to withstand higher loads than the rear axle of a normal off-road vehicle.
    At the same time, a track arranged around the rear wheels of the off-road vehicle and the wheels of the attachment increases the contact area of the driving wheels against the ground, increasing the grip of the off-road vehicle and thereby the horizontal traction.
    When using the accessory according to the invention, the mass of the load to be transferred in the trailer can be up to 2 tons instead of 200-300 kg according to the prior art solutions.
    Preferably, the accessory further includes a transmission for transmitting power from the wheels rotated by the accessory tracks to the other wheels belonging to the trailer.
    In this way, the trailer can also be towed, which improves the off-road mobility of the combination of off-road vehicle, attachment and trailer.
    Preferably, traction is transmitted from the off-road vehicle to the attachment by means of a track in a form-fitting manner, so that the force is transmitted by means of a form-fitting or, in other words, form-locking locking between the track shapes and the tire pattern.
    O 25 Preferably, the transmission comprises an angular gear N mounted on the frame for transmitting power from the wheels of the attachment to the other wheels belonging to the trailer N.
    Thus, the additional device according to the invention can also be used in such low-cost off-road vehicles which do not have a separate power take-off shaft.
    It is surprising that the force is transmitted via N wheels and track mats to the bevel gear, and not directly S, for example, from the PTO of the off-road vehicle or from the rear axle of the off-road vehicle to the bevel gear.
    However, this allows power to be transmitted without modifications to the off-road vehicle even in those off-road vehicles that do not have a separate power take-off.
    According to one embodiment, the wheels are supported on the frame by at least one shaft on which the first gear is mounted, the bevel gear comprises a power take-off shaft with a second gear, and the transmission further comprises a gear chain fitted between the first gear and the second gear to transmit power from the wheels.
    The accessory may include a PTO shaft for transmitting power from the bevel gear to the trailer.
    By means of the cardan shaft, the force can be transmitted mechanically to the trailer, which is a more cost-effective implementation than, for example, the use of hydraulic systems for transmitting the force.
    Preferably, the accessory includes tightening means for tightening each track between the wheels and the rear wheels of the off-road vehicle.
    By means of the tightening means, each track is made to remain taut between the rear wheels of the off-road vehicle and the wheels of the attachment, enabling efficient transmission from the off-road vehicle to the attachment.
    O 25 In one embodiment, the tensioning means comprises a telescope fitted to the drawbar, comprising a first portion and a second N portion for changing the length of the drawbar to tighten each track between the wheels and the rear wheels of the off-road vehicle, and> locking means between the first portion and the second portion.
    S 30 Telescopic tensioning devices are easy to implement and N only slightly increase the weight of the attachment. 5 Alternatively, the tightening means can be implemented, for example, by means of a separate spring-weighted tightening roller.
    However, this requires the formation of separate supports for the tension roller, which increases the weight of the attachment more than the telescopic solution.
    5 According to one embodiment, the wheels are attached to the frame of the attachment using a common axle. The single axle support is quite rugged.
    According to another embodiment, the wheels are attached to the frame of the accessory using separate axles. In this case, the second drawbar of the attachment can be placed between the wheels in a lower position than when using a single axle. Preferably, the track includes two belts that can be arranged in an endless turn at a distance from each other and between the belts with wheel shapes arranged transversely to the web to accommodate shaped spacers. Such a track is very cost-effective to manufacture.
    Preferably, the second track also includes two belts which can be arranged in an endless turn at a distance from each other and between the belts which are arranged transversely to the belt in the shape of wheels to accommodate shaped spacers. Such a - track structure can be adapted to the off-road vehicle O 25 to be suitable for use regardless of the size of the rear N wheels of the off-road vehicle. By choosing the correct width of the spacers, N two strips and spacers can be used to freely select the track = width.
    a
    D O 30 Preferably, the track further comprises openable connecting means N for fitting each strip into an endless turn 5 by connecting two successive spacers at a distance from each other. In this way, the track can be fitted around the rear wheels of the off-road vehicle and the wheels of the attachment quickly without lowering the wheel pressure.
    According to one embodiment, the accessory body comprises longitudinal parts for hanging the wheels, the longitudinal parts being spaced apart by a transverse part, which longitudinal part comprises two other telescopic parts for spreading the accessory body.
    In this way, the width of the attachment can be increased, whereby the wheels of the attachment are wider, stabilizing the attachment.
    At the same time, the wheels of the attachment follow different tracks than the wheels of an off-road vehicle, which increases the load capacity of the unit, for example when driving in a swamp.
    In addition, due to the width-adjustability, the attachment can be adapted to the width of the off-road vehicle for road transport, whereby both the off-road vehicle and the attachment can be driven aboard a trailer for road transport.
    In this case, the other track tracks of the trailer are also removed during transport.
    Preferably, the off-road vehicle is an ATV with a weight of less than 600 kg and a power of preferably less than 80 hp.
    Especially in such light and low-powered off-road vehicles, there is a problem in obtaining sufficient traction.
    The purpose of the system according to the invention can be achieved by N systems for load transfer, which system N comprises an off-road vehicle, a trailer and an accessory according to one of the above embodiments for receiving the vertical force generated by the trailer via the second drawbar.
    S 30 An off-road vehicle comprises front wheels and rear wheels, of which at least N rear wheels are traction, and a traction point.
    The trailer comprises S a second frame, the second wheels arranged under the second frame to support the trailer against the chassis, a load compartment fitted on the second frame to support the trailer and the second drawbar connected to the second frame in front of the second frame to connect the trailer to the off-road vehicle.
    The system according to the invention achieves a very high transfer capacity in relation to the unladen weight of the off-road vehicle by receiving the vertical load of the trailer by means of an accessory.
    In addition, the traction capacity of the SUV is improved by adding track tracks to the assembly, which efficiently transfer traction from the rear wheels of the SUV to the chassis and also to the wheels of the attachment.
    Preferably, the trailer includes a second bevel gear for transmitting the force transmitted from the transmission of the attachment to at least the other wheels of the trailer.
    This makes it possible to transmit the traction of the off-road vehicle also to the other wheels of the trailer, which contributes to increasing the contact area of the driving wheels to the chassis as a whole.
    The trailer may further comprise third wheels, the second wheels and the third wheels forming bogie wheels on each side of the second body of the trailer.
    The bogie wheels can be used to increase the contact area of the trailer with the chassis and thereby improve the trailer's off-road capability.
    O 25 The bogie wheels may be provided with a second endless c-to-end track on each side of the second frame N of the trailer to improve the load capacity of the trailer.
    The second track tracks z can be used to further increase the contact area of the trailer to the chassis, and if the second wheels of the trailer are S S traction, the second track tracks achieve a large traction area N for the trailer. 5 According to one embodiment, the bogie wheels are provided with traction through a second bevel gear to improve the forestability of the trailer.
    in order to By means of the second bevel gear, the transmission to the other wheels of the trailer can be carried out without the hydraulic system and its components.
    With the accessory and system according to the invention, the power produced by the engine of the off-road vehicle can be used with very good efficiency as a driving force for the combination of the off-road vehicle, the accessory and the trailer. In this case, an off-road vehicle can be used to pull a considerably large load at a high transfer rate compared to prior art solutions.
    The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate some embodiments of the invention, in which Figure 1 shows a side view of an accessory according to the invention, Figure 2 shows an axonometric side view of an accessory body without accessory wheels, Fig. 4 shows axonometrically the structure of the second body I of a trailer belonging to the system N according to the invention,> Fig. 5 shows axonometrically the structure of the track of the S30 accessory according to the invention.
    According to Figure 1, the system 100 according to the invention comprises, as main components, an off-road vehicle 11, an accessory 10 to be connected to the off-road vehicle 11 and, by means of the accessory 10, an off-road vehicle.
    a trailer 22 to be coupled to the vehicle 11. The off-road vehicle 11 used in the system according to the invention may be a fully state-of-the-art off-road vehicle with four wheels, of which at least the rear wheels 28 are traction. The off-road vehicle 11 should be provided with a towing point 18, which is preferably a towing hook 19 shown in broken lines in Figure 2. Instead of the towing hook, various towing points known from the prior art can also be used. The trailer 22 used in the system according to the invention may be a trailer according to the prior art, but preferably the trailer 22 is adapted for the system 100 to be of special construction. Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the accessory 10 according to the invention comprises a frame 12, which may be, for example, a housing structure made of steel housing beams by welding, and wheels 14 attached to the frame 12.
    12.2 are arranged at a distance from each other by a transverse part 12.3. In Figure 2, the wheels are not shown, but only the hubs 70 of the wheels, by means of which the wheels are rotatably fixed to the frame 12. The frame can be, for example, a U-structure forming an open rectangle on one side. The wheels 14 and their hubs 70 are mounted on the frame 12 by means of at least one shaft 36. - In the embodiment of Fig. 2, there are two separate axles 36, in which case O 25 each wheel 14 is suspended separately on the frame 12. Alternatively, the suspension of the wheels can also be realized by using N one integral axle to which both wheels are attached. z In both cases, the axle 36 and the frame 12 are dimensioned to withstand significantly higher vertical loads S 30 than the axle set of the rear wheels 28 of the off-road vehicle 11.
    S> According to one embodiment, to the transverse part of the body 12
    12.3 includes on each side other telescopic parts 13, by means of which the width of the frame can be made wider for the operating situation and narrower for transfers. In this way, the stability and load-bearing capacity of the attachment can be increased in use, and in transport situations the attachment can be adapted to the width of the off-road vehicle.
    In addition to the wheels 14, a drawbar 16 is connected to the frame 12, by means of which the accessory 10 is attached to the drawbar 18 of the off-road vehicle 11. The length of the drawbar 16 is such that the wheels of the accessory 10 are far enough away from in any position of the off-road vehicle 11. Preferably, the length of the drawbar is 80 to 120 cm. On the other hand, the frame 12 includes a second towing point 20 arranged on the side opposite to the drawbar 16 for attaching the trailer to the accessory 10. Preferably, the second towing point 20 is a second towbar 21 to which the trailer 22 can be attached. For the second traction point 20, the body 12 may include a longitudinal portion 23 at the end of which the second traction point 20 is fitted. Thus, the second drawbar 20 is preferably located almost flush with the rear edge of the wheels 14 of the accessory 10, allowing the off-road vehicle to be turned up to 80 ° relative to the second drawbar 24 of the trailer 22 without hitting the wheels 14 of the accessory 10. In addition, the accessory 10 includes tracks 26 O 25 around the rear wheels 28 of the off-road vehicle 11 and the wheels 14 5 of the accessory 10.
    S z Each track 26 may be, for example, a rubber mat structure similar to snowmobiles> tracks. Preferably, however, the track 30 S 30 comprises, according to Fig. 5, two strips N 72 arranged at a distance in the width of the wheel from each other and wheel-shaped spacers 76 arranged transversely between the strips 72. The spacers 76 are preferably metal plates. In this way, the track can be manufactured without a continuous full-width rubber mat, preferably using rubber strips corresponding to the structure of the track mats and preferably metal spacers arranged between them.
    Such a structure is less expensive than ordinary tracks in terms of investment costs and lighter in structure.
    The purpose of the spacers may also be to close the track mat, which can be adapted to an endless rotation, in a partially form-fitting manner against the tread pattern of the rear vehicle tires, as well as against the tread pattern of the accessory.
    The width of the track using the spacers and belts can be freely selected according to the size of the rear wheels of the off-road vehicle, and thus the accessory can be easily adapted to different off-road vehicles.
    Preferably, the track 26 further includes openable connecting means 82 shown in Figure 5 adapted to close the strips 72 on each side of the track 26 for endless turns.
    Preferably, the connecting means 82 is arranged between the strips 72 to be fastened and the spacers 76 as extensions of the strips 72.
    The connecting means can, like the spacers, be structures pressed from a metal plate and can be easily opened by hand.
    This allows the track to be removed and attached quickly when attaching the attachment to an off-road vehicle. - Preferably, the accessory 10 comprises tightening means 48 for tightening each O 25 track 26.
    The clamping means 48 are preferably an N telescope 48 fitted to the drawbar 16 of the accessory 10 shown in Figure 2, consisting of a first part 50 and a second z part 52 which are partially overlapping and> overlapping relative to each other.
    The first part 50 of the telescope and the second part 52 of S30 can be fastened to each other by means of locking means N 56.
    The locking means 56 may be, for example, the pin 57 shown in Figure 2 5, which is fitted between the openings 59 belonging to the first part 50 and the second part 52.
    By means of the telescope 48, the drawbar 16 can be temporarily adjusted so short that the track 26 can be fitted around the rear wheels 28 of the off-road vehicle 11 and the wheels 14 of the attachment 10. In addition, the track connecting means allow the track to be opened during the installation of the track, whereby the tightening means only provide the final tension of the track. By using clamping means and track connection means, the track can be installed without the need to change the air pressure of the off-road vehicle or attachment wheels, which makes attaching the attachment to the off-road vehicle quick and easy.
    Alternatively, the clamping means can be formed, for example, by means of a spring fitted inside the telescope or a separate clamping wheel which is placed inside each endless rotation of the track. The tensioning wheel may be spring loaded and adapted by the force of the spring to push the tensioning wheel against the track to tighten it. For the tensioning wheel, separate brackets can be formed in the frame, on which the tensioning wheel is mounted.
    Preferably, the accessory 10 also includes a transmission 30 by means of which a force is transmitted to the trailer 22 from the rotational movement of the wheels 14 of the accessory 10. In the embodiment of Figures 2 and 3, the transmission 30 comprises a bevel gear 34, preferably - mounted on the body 12. A first gear N 38 is arranged on the shaft O 25 36 of the wheels 14 of the accessory 10 or on the shaft extensions. S 30 via mats 26. From the bevel gear 34, the force N can be transmitted by means of the cardan shaft 46 to the trailer 22 as shown in Fig. 3 5. There may be quick-release coupling means between the PTO shaft and the bevel gearbox, which allow the trailer to be quickly detached and attached to the attachment.
    Figures 3 and 4 show the transmission from the accessory 10 to the trailer 22. The trailer 22 of the system 100 of Figure 1 of the invention includes a second frame 60 to which second wheels 32 and a load compartment 62 are mounted on the frame 60. The second wheels 32 are preferably mounted by hubs 74 shown in to the subframes 80, preferably belonging to the second frame 60. The load compartment 62 may be formed of banks as shown in Figure 1, but the load compartment may also be a closed and open structure.
    In addition, a second drawbar 24 is attached to the second frame 60, by means of which the trailer 22 can be attached to the second drawbar 20 of the accessory 10. In the embodiment of Figure 1, the trailer 22 further comprises third wheels 66, the third wheels 66 and the second wheels 32 forming bogie wheels 68. Preferably, second bogies 70 are arranged around the bogie wheels 68, which are similar in structure to the bogies 26 of the accessory 10. The subframes may be telescopic, in contrast to Figures 3 and 4, whereby the second bogies can be easily arranged around the bogies as their distance changes.
    The force transmitted from the auxiliary device 10, preferably by means of the cardan shaft 46, can be converted by means of a second bevel gear 64 into a rotational movement of the transverse shaft 78 of the trailer, to which the second wheels 32 can be attached as shown in Fig. 4.
    N The PTO shaft can be guided inside the second frame, where it is N protected from external impacts.
    The third gear can rotate z, via the second tooth chain, a fourth gear arranged on the shaft of the second wheel or the third> wheel to transmit the traction S30 to rotate the second wheel of the second gear.
    Also in this case N the second track transmits the traction to both wheels of the bogie S.
    The attachment can be made of, for example, stainless steel, which makes it very durable in the use of an off-road vehicle. The thickness of the steel plate can be 1.0 to 4.0 mm and the body of the accessory preferably consists of welded housing structures with a strength high enough to withstand the stresses on the accessory. Preferably, the accessory has a length of 1.0 to 2.0 m and a width of 1.0 to 1.8 m. The load carrying capacity of the accessory is preferably 2 to 4 tn.
    Preferably, the body of the accessory is quite short and no own load space is arranged on it. In this way, the transmission from the attachment to the trailer can be fitted over the body of the attachment. OF O OF
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    权利要求:
    Claims (5)
    [1]
    An accessory (10) for an off-road vehicle (11), the accessory (10) comprising a frame (12), wheels (14) supported on the frame (12) for supporting the accessory (10) against the base (100), a drawbar (16) connected to the frame ( 12) for connecting the accessory (10) to a towing point (18) belonging to the off-road vehicle (11) and a second towing point (20) fitted to the frame (12) behind the frame (12) for connecting the trailer (22) to the accessory (10), the accessory (10) being adapted to receive the vertical force exerted by the trailer (22) via its associated second drawbar (24), characterized in that the accessory (10) further comprises endless track tracks (26) each adapted to be placed on the wheel (14) of the accessory (10) and the rear wheel (11) of the off-road vehicle (11); 28) for transmitting traction from the off-road vehicle (11) to the attachment (10) via the track mats (26).
    [2]
    Auxiliary device according to claim 1, characterized in that the auxiliary device (10) further comprises a transmission (30) for transmitting force from the wheels (14) rotatable via said track (26) to the other wheels (32) belonging to the trailer (22). O 25
    [3]
    Auxiliary device according to claim 2, characterized in that said transmission (30) comprises a bevel gear (34) attached to the frame (12) for transmitting force from said wheels (14) of the auxiliary device (10) to others 3 belonging to the trailer (22). for wheels (32).
    J N
    [4]
    Auxiliary device according to claim 3, characterized in that said wheels (14) are supported on said frame (12) by at least one shaft (36) on which a first gear (38) is arranged, and said bevel gear (34) comprises a second gear (34). 40), and the transmission (30) further includes a gear chain (44) disposed between said first gear (38) and said second gear (40) for transmitting force from the wheels (14) to the bevel gear (34).
    [5]
    A system (100) for transferring a load, the system (100) comprising - an off-road vehicle (11) comprising front wheels and rear wheels (28), of which at least the rear wheels (28) are traction, and a towing point (18), - a trailer (22) a second frame (60), second wheels (32) fitted below the second frame (60) to support the trailer (22) against the chassis, a load compartment (62) fitted over the second frame (60) to support the trailer (22) and the second drawbar (24) combined a second frame (60) in front of the second frame (60) for connecting the trailer (22) to the off-road vehicle (11), - an accessory (10) for receiving the vertical force generated by the trailer (22) via the second drawbar (24), characterized in is an accessory (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
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